Ear pain, also known as earache, can be caused by a variety of factors. Here are some common causes: 1. **Ear Infections**: - **Otitis Media**: Infection of the middle ear, often associated with colds or respiratory infections. - **Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)**: Infection of the outer ear canal, often caused by water trapped in the ear. 2. **Eustachian Tube Dysfunction**: - Blockage or malfunction of the Eustachian tube, which can cause pressure buildup and pain. 3. **Earwax Buildup**: - Excess earwax can harden and cause discomfort or pain. 4. **Sinus Infections**: - Infections in the sinuses can cause referred pain to the ears. 5. **Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders**: - Problems with the jaw joint can cause pain that radiates to the ear. 6. **Injury or Trauma**: - Injuries to the ear or head, such as a blow to the ear, can cause pain. 7. **Foreign Objects**: - Objects stuck in the ear canal, especially in children, can lead to pain and discomfort. 8. **Tooth or Throat Problems**: - Dental issues, such as an abscessed tooth, or throat infections can cause referred pain to the ear. 9. **Air Pressure Changes**: - Rapid changes in air pressure, such as during air travel, can cause ear pain due to the inability of the Eustachian tube to equalise pressure. 10. **Allergies**: - Allergic reactions can cause inflammation and fluid buildup, leading to ear pain. If the ear pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like hearing loss, fever, or discharge, it’s important to seek medical attention.